When we were there, the penguins had already given birth to their young and had gone back out to sea. Only a few young were left, the ones who were a bit late to go to sea themselves. The only adult penguins who were there were moulting. The adult penguins come back year after year, so the people at the refuge name them. The in the two photos below was named Lynne (I assume it was spelled right!), and you can see how rough her feathers are as they moult.
While they're moulting, the stand or lie down for days, and live off their stored fat. They can't go to sea and fish while they moult. So some of them were standing, like Lynne, but others were laying down.
That blob beside the pond in the next photo is a moulting penguin.
In the next photo you can see the cute little huts where they nest.
Only a very few adolescent penguins were there, late to go out to sea. Juveniles lack the yellow patch around their eyes that the adults have. The juveniles are banded but not named. When they go to sea in their first season, they can end up nesting somewhere other than where they were born.
The penguin refuge also runs a little hospital for wounded penguins from all around the South Island. One of the penguins in the hospital (named Dave) had been mauled by a shark. Others had different kinds of injuries. The next batch of photos show the penguins in the hospital, which was a fenced area with a cement floor. The first one is fjordland crested penguin, and you can see the crest. The rest were yellow-eyed penguins, one of the two common penguins on the south east side of the South Island. Yellow-eyed penguins are found only in New Zealand and are one of the rarest kinds of penguins.